Carolingian architects looked to Ravenna and Early Christian Rome for models, but transformed their sources, introducing, for example, the twin-tower western facade for basilicas and employing strict modular plans in their buildings.Carolingian sculptors revived the imperial Roman tradition of equestrian ruler portraiture and the Early Christian tradition of depicting Christ as a statuesque youth.Carolingian illuminators merged the illusionism of classical painting with the northern linear tradition, replacing the calm and solid figures of their models with figures that leap from the page with frenzied energy.Charlemagne reunited much of western Europe and initiated a revival of the art and culture of Early Christian Rome. Charlemagne, king of the Franks since 768, expanded the territories he inherited from his father, and in 800, Pope Leo III crowned him emperor of Rome (r.*Scandinavian churches of the 11th century are notable for their carved wooden decoration recalling the pre-Christian art of the Vikings.*In Spain, Visigothic churches of the sixth and seventh centuries were basilican in plan but had square apses and often incorporated horseshoe arches, a form usually associated with Islamic architecture.Text pages often feature enlarged initial letters of important passages transformed into elaborate decorative patterns. Some Hiberno-Saxon books also have full pages depicting each of the Four Evangelists or their symbols.The most distinctive features of these Insular books are the full pages devoted neither to text nor to illustration but to pure embellishment in the form of carpet pages made up of decorative panels of abstract and zoomorphic motifs.The Christian art of the early medieval British Isles is called Hiberno-Saxon (or Insular).The most important extant artworks are the illuminated manuscripts produced in the monastic scriptoria of Ireland and Northumbria. Especially characteristic are intertwined animal and interlace patterns.ĬHRISTIAN ART: SCANDINAVIA, BRITISH ISLES, SPAIN, 6th to 10th Centuries The decoration of these early medieval objects displays a variety of abstract and zoomorphic motifs.The surviving art of this period consists almost exclusively of small-scale status symbols,especially portable items of personal adornment such as bracelets, pins, and belt buckles, often featuring cloisonné ornament.After the fall of Rome in 410, the Huns, Vandals, Merovingians, Franks, Goths, and other non-Roman peoples competed for power and territory in the former northwestern provinces of the Roman Empire.outdated view of the 1,000 years between Christianity becoming Rome’s official religion and the rebirth (Renaissance).ĪRT OF THE WARRIOR LORDS, 5th to 10th Centuries.The adjective medieval and the noun Middle Ages Others established their own areas of rule.Many northerners had risen to prominent positions within the Roman army and government.Cultures of the non-Roman peoples north of the Alps, and Christianity.For the most part, civilization was rough and uncivilized.Known as the Middle Ages as well as the Dark Ages. During this thousand year time period, we see some innovation but mostly a repressed society, both in terms of art and architecture, but also in terms of politics and religious and social freedom.
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